he abbreviation PAR (Parabolic Aluminised Reflector lamp) is used to describe a wide range of light types with a round lighting group that are used in many different areas, similar to sealed beams. They can be found, for example, as work lights, as headlights on …
Parking lamp
A parking lamp is used to indicate the presence of a parked vehicle in darkness or poor visibility. Unlike a position light, a parking lamp is specifically intended for a stationary vehicle. Depending on the vehicle and its configuration, parking lamps may be activated on one side only, allowing the side facing the road to remain illuminated. …
Pencil beam
A pencil beam refers to a particularly tightly focused light distribution in a high beam. The light is concentrated onto a comparatively narrow area, thereby achieving a high luminous intensity in the main beam direction.
Photobiological safety
Looking directly into a light source can cause photochemical damage to the retina. Photobiological safety deals with these potential hazards to the eye (and skin) from artificial light sources. This applies in particular to the blue light component of the light source. This is why it is also referred to as blue light hazard (BLA). …
Photometry
Photometry deals with the measurement and evaluation of visible light. Unlike the purely physical measurement of electromagnetic radiation, it takes into account the spectral sensitivity of the human eye.
Photometric quantities can be used to describe light quantitatively. In the case of lights, for example, this allows us to investigate how much visible light is emitted, in which directions it is distributed and what illuminance is achieved on a surface.
Plow headlights
Plow headlights are additional headlights used when a vehicle’s regular headlights are obstructed by attachments, such as a snow plow blade. …
Position light
The position light (or marker light) is part of the front vehicle lighting. The position light usually has a brightness of a few percent of the low beam. Together with the tail light, it forms the parking light.
Printed circuit board (PCB)
A printed circuit board (PCB) is a substrate for electronic components which also enables them to be electrically connected. It consists of an electrically insulating base material on or within which conductive structures, usually made of copper, are arranged. …